Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Shifting responsibilities 2. Fast way of travelling 3. Learning to survive 4. Safer and merrier 5. Changing conditions 6. Difficult incubation 7. Cold-climate companions 8. First important steps A. Emperor penguins are well-known for their cliff-diving. Normally, young penguins jump only a couple of feet from floating sea ice into the water when they feed. However, this is not always the case. Sometimes juveniles find themselves in a tricky location for a water entry when they become very hungry. Such situations force them to jump from a great height no matter what. This is a true demonstration of the penguins’ fortitude. These fascinating birds have evolved over millions of years to survive on the coldest, windiest, and driest continent on Earth. B. Emperor penguins can grow up to 45 inches tall and weigh up to 88 pounds. Many of their most amazing traits can be only seen during nesting season, which runs through the most difficult time of year. Female emperor penguins lay a single pear-shaped egg early in the Antarctic winter when temperatures can fall to minus 50 degrees Fahrenheit and winds can reach hurricane force. Needing to refill their energy reserves, they quickly shuffle the eggs to their mates to take care while they move to the ocean to feed. C. Male emperor penguins spend the next two months incubating the eggs balanced on top of their webbed feet and shielded from the cold by a flap of the penguin’s abdominal skin that forms a pocket, or so called “brood pouch”. The soon-to-be fathers will go nearly four months without food, losing roughly half their weight during breeding season. Eggs typically hatch by August, just as the females are returning to provide their young with a first meal. Then the chicks will be fed and warmed by their parents over the next five months. D. Huddling etiquette is a survival skill all young emperor penguins must learn. The youngsters learn to huddle, but not always neatly. In fact, there is always a big mess about huddling. Instead of waiting for their turn to reach the warm centre, impatient chicks will often jump right in. A few nestle together, then others race up and slam into the pile. As the huddle grows, latecomers try pushing in right in the warm portion of the huddle. Huddled together, the little penguins begin to socialize with each other. E. By mid-December, as the Antarctic summer approaches, the chicks have started to shed their fluffy down for waterproof plumage. After that, the chicks no longer require parental care – adults leave them in groups of chicks called crèches while they go out to fish. From then on, the juveniles have to fend for themselves. They quickly leave their colony in search of food. To do that, they have to take a literal leap of faith into the sea. It is a very important moment when they begin their life in the ocean, where they’ll spend an average of five years before returning to breed. F. Emperor penguins settled in the unforgiving climate of Antarctica, hence they have a thicker layer of body fat, scalelike feathers, and clawlike feet especially suited to walking on the ice. However, penguins use more than their feet for movement. On land, where their waddling slows them down, emperor penguins often resort to tobogganing – sliding on their bellies while pushing with their flippers and feet. This transportation allows them to cover vast distances across the icy expanse as they travel to and from the sea. G. Scientists do not believe that cliff-jumping by young penguins is directly caused by climate change. However, one expert suggests that rising temperatures might push more emperor penguins to breed on permanent ice shelves instead of sea ice. If this happens, young penguins would have to jump from taller heights when leaving the nest, which could increase risks. This case emphasises a harsh reality: under some climate scenarios, scientists predict, 80 percent of Antarctica’s emperor penguin colonies will disappear by the turn of the century.

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. You can save some money by going to the theatre. 2. One can never relax at the theatre. 3. Theatre shows us that there are bigger things in life. 4. A visit to the theatre can help us develop as human beings. 5. Theatre provides us with a connection to the absolute classics. 6. Going to the theatre allows us to be emotional. 7. Theatre gives us a chance to get to know ourselves better.

Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Always in a hurry 2. The city of skyscrapers 3. Winning and losing 4. Unknown side of the city 5. Saving the variety 6. Getting around the city 7. For the holiday and more 8. Nickname for a building A. New York is really the melting pot of the world. Over 30 percent of its residents have come from abroad. It is believed that the city has the greatest linguistic diversity on the planet. There are over 800 different languages divided among its people. As some of these languages are nearly extinct, the City University of New York has begun a project called the Endangered Language Alliance. Its aim is to preserve rare languages like Bukhari, Vhlaski, and Ormuri. B. New Yorkers love to think they know everything about their city: where to find the best fruit, how to avoid paying full price at museums, what route to take to avoid traffic. But New York City can reveal new treasures even to its veterans. Beyond the city where New-Yorkers work, eat, play and commute every day lies a hidden New York: mysterious, forgotten, abandoned or just overlooked. There are places about which you’re not likely to read in any guidebook. C. The Chrysler Building was in a race with the Bank of Manhattan for getting the title of the tallest skyscraper in the world. The Bank was likely to triumph, with its height of 282 meters. But the spire of the Chrysler Building was constructed in secret inside the tower. Just one week after the Bank of Manhattan was finished, it was put in place, making it 318 meters tall and beating the Bank. It wouldn’t keep this title for long: one year later the Empire State Building was erected. D. The Flatiron Building was constructed between 1901 and 1903 at the intersection of Broadway and Fifth Avenue. It was designed by Chicago’s Daniel Burnham as a steel-frame skyscraper covered with white terra-cotta. Built as the headquarters of the Fuller Construction company, the skyscraper was meant to be named Fuller Building. But locals soon started calling it “Flatiron” because of its unusual shape. The name stuck and soon became official. E. How does Rockefeller Center manage to find the perfect fur-tree each Christmas season? They do aerial searches by helicopter, of course, and bring it to the city during the night when there isn’t much traffic on the streets. After the tree is taken down for the year, it continues to be useful. For example, in 2005 Habitat for Humanity used the wood to make doorframes for houses for the poor and in 2012 the paper was used to publish a book. F. In New York life never stands still. People have to call cabs, ride subway cars, do business of all kinds, eat pizzas and sandwiches for lunch. When you multiply that by more than eight million people in less than 500 square miles, you get the idea: everyone goes everywhere as fast as it is humanly possible. Whatever you do, don't stop in the middle of the sidewalk or you’ll make everyone around you incredibly angry. G. New York is extremely easy to navigate. Manhattan is divided into numbered streets from north to south and avenues from east to west. It’s almost impossible to get lost there. Buses are useful to travel around Manhattan, and the subway is the best means of transport to the other parts of the city. At some stage you’ll definitely use a yellow taxi. Try to get one on an avenue that’s going in the same direction you are – you’ll save time and money. And don’t forget to leave a tip for the driver.

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. Window shopping can lead to impulsive buying. 2. Window shopping has some pros and cons. 3. Window shopping is a way to keep up with fashion. 4. The internet has made window shopping easier. 5. Window shopping is a way of having some rest. 6. Window shopping doesn’t make you spend money. 7. Window shopping helps you explore the mall.

Task 2. Study the advertisement. You are considering going on the family weekend and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following: Family weekend on the lake! 1) location; 2) accommodation; 3) price for the weekend for a family of three; 4) fishing equipment rental. You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.